The Supreme Court (SC) of the Philippines adopted the term victim-survivor when referring to persons who have experienced sexual violence. This is to acknowledge both the harm caused by the crime and the strength victims show in enduring and recovering from such violence.
This was first contained in a decision written by Associate Justice Japar B. Dimaampao, the SC’s Third Division, which affirmed a man’s conviction for the rape of a 12-year-old child.
In this case, the minor testified that while everyone was asleep, the accused, the common-law spouse of the minor’s mother, dragged the child outside the residence of her uncle, raped her, pointed a knife at her, and threatened to kill her if she told anyone about the incident. And although she initially feared his threats, she eventually told her uncle and aunt that the accused had been sexually abusing her since she was nine years old.
Both the Regional Trial Court and the Court of Appeals found the accused guilty beyond reasonable doubt. And the SC affirmed the conviction, finding all elements of rape present and the accused positively identified as the rapist.
This time, the SC started adopting the term “victim-survivor”.
“In lieu of the conventional victim when referring to individuals who have endured sexual violence, the term victim-survivor shall be adopted. This deliberate choice of words recognizes the harm and suffering inflicted while affirming the agency, resiliency, and continuing dignity of those who survive such violence.”
In addition to the penalty of reclusion perpetua or up to 40 years in prison, the man was ordered to pay the victim-survivor PHP 450,000 in civil indemnity and damages.
As part of the government’s efforts to provide comprehensive support for victim-survivors, the SC also directed the Department of Social Welfare and Development to refer the minor to the proper rape crisis center for assistance. This may include psychological counseling, medical and health services, measures to protect her privacy and safety, counseling and medical support for her family when needed, and programs to support her recovery.
For the SC’s complete discussion of the case, read the full text of the Decision in G.R. No. 271812 (People of the Philippines v. XXX271812) February 24, 2026.
